SpamSieve is wildly ineffective now.

At some point, SpamSieve simply stopped catching a large amount of obvious spam. It does catch SOME spam, and if I select a message and say “train as spam”, it does get moved into the Spam folder. I don’t have any other rules to conflict.

At times, it seems like it catches nothing for a while, then goes back to working better.

This is with Apple Mail under Mac OS 10.8.4.

Any ideas?

There’s probably something that needs to be fixed on your Mac. Please see Checking the Apple Mail Setup and What information should I include when I report a problem?.